Jonathan Livingston Seagull | 4th semester English Question and Answers
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JONATHAN LIVINGSTON SEAGULL
Richard David Bach
About the author
Richard David Bach is an American novelist and pilot. Richard Bach is the author of three books on the mystique of flying. During the past decade or so, he has edited a flying magazine, and written more than a hundred magazine articles and stories. A former US Air Force pilot, he is now seldom without an aeroplane.Livingston Seagull is a novella written in 1970. He has written several books of fiction such as A Gift of Wings (1974), Illusions: The Adventure of a Reluctant Messiah and non-fiction related to flying. Majority of his works are about flying that shows his great passion for it. Most of Bach's books have been semi autobiographical, using actual events from his life fiction to illustrate his philosophy. Bach's books espouse his philosophy that our physical limits and mortality are mere appearance.
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Short question and answers
1. What is dishonour and disgrace for the seagull?
Seagulls, never falter, never stall. To stall in the air is for them disgrace and it is dishonour
2. For most gulls it is ________ which matters. (flying/eating)
3. More than anything else Jonathan Livingston Seagull loved to fly
4. Why were Jonathan Seagull’s parents dismayed?
Jonathan Seagull’s parents were dismayed as Jonathan spent whole days alone, making hundreds of low-level glides, experimenting.When he began sliding in to feet-up landings on the beach, then pacing the length of his slide in the sand, his parents were very much dismayed indeed.
5. Who is Jonathan's initial instructor when he arrives in the strange land?
Sullivan, a magnificent gull was Jonathan's initial instructor when he arrives in the strange land.
6. Jonathan Livingston Seagull was made to stand to centre for ________ 1. shame 2. honour
7. What were the repercussions when a seagull was centred for shame?
To be centred for shame meant that he would be cast out of gull society, banished to a solitary life on the Far Cliffs
8. What, according to Jonathan Seagull, were the reasons for the short life of a seagull?
According to Jonathan Seagull, boredom and fear and anger are the reasons that a gull’s life is so short, and with these gone from his thought, he lived a long fine life indeed.
9. Who was Jonathan's first instructor and later friend in the new world?
Sullivan, a magnificent gull
10. In what ways were the thoughts of the two gulls and Jonathan’s similar?
The two gulls came to take Jonathan higher, to take him home.They believed in flying like Jonathan tells him that as he have learned flying higher and as one school is finished, and the time has come for another to begin.As it had shined across him all his life, so understanding lighted that moment for Jonathan Seagull as the two gulls were right and the thoughts were similar for him and the two gulls that he could fly higher, and it was time to go home
11. The name of the Elder gull is _Chiang_____.
12. Why is Jonathan one in a million bird according to Sullivan?
According to Sullivan, Jonathan is pretty well a one-in-a-million bird as he learned so much at one time, that, he didn’t have to go through a thousand lives to reach this one.Most of the gulls have gone through many lives before they even got the first idea that there is more to life than eating, or fighting, or power in the flock.
13. What, according to Chiang, is heaven?
According to Chiang, heaven is not a place, and it is not a time. Heaven is being perfect.
14. According to Chiang one didn’t need faith to fly but one needed to understand flying to fly.
15. What compliment of Sullivan embarrassed Jonathan?
When Sullivan complimented Jonathan that, he has less fear of learning than any gull he had ever seen in ten thousand years made Jonathan embarrassed.
16. What were the last words of Chiang?
“Jonathan,“keep working on love",were the last words of Chiang.
17. Why was Terrence Lowell Gull labelled an outcast?
Jonathan and his pupils have been back for a month and a first gull from the flock approaches their group and asks earnestly that he wants to learn how to fly His name was Terrence Lowell Gull. Because of his asking he became a condemned bird and was labelled outcast as he crossed the line and asked to learn how to fly.
18. What, according to Jonathan, was the only true law?
According to Jonathan,the only true law is that which leads to freedom, and there is no other.
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Paragraph answer question
1. What are the simple facts of flight that the gulls usually learn?
Most gulls don’t bother to learn more than the simplest facts of flight — how to get from shore to food and back again. For most gulls, it is not flying that matters, but eating. They then study food, and how to get it. The other gulls;screech and fight with the flock around the piers and fishing boats, diving on scraps of fish and bread.Their glides ended with the usual feet-down splash into the sea.Seagulls don’t make blazing steep power-dives.
2. Why is Jonathan banished to the Far Cliffs by an Elders’ Council?
Jonathan had flown the first aerobatics of any seagull on earth. He spared no time that day for talk with other gulls, but flew on past sunset. He discovered the loop, the slow roll, the point roll, the inverted spin, the gull bunt, the pinwheel.The gulls were flocked into the Council Gathering when he landed, and apparently had been so flocked for some time. They were, in fact, waiting for Jonathan Livingston Seagull.The Elder, told him to stand to the centre for shame in the sight of his fellow gulls. It felt like being hit with a board for Jonathan and his knees went weak, his feathers sagged and there was a roaring in his ears. He felt that it was impossible to be centred for shame and he thought that they were wrong.Then the elder continued that he was centred for shame for his reckless irresponsibility, and for violating the dignity and tradition of the Gull Family . Jonathan knew that to be centred for shame meant that he would be cast out of gull society, banished to a solitary life on the Far Cliffs. Then the elder continued that one day, Jonathan Livingston Seagull, shall learn that irresponsibility does not pay. Life is the unknown and the unknowable, except that seagulls are put into this world to eat, to stay alive as long as they possibly can.Thus Jonathan was banished to the far cliffs by an Elder's Council.
3. Describe the way in which Jonathan puts the two birds to test. What was their intention?
Jonathan put them to his test, a test that no gull had ever passed. He twisted his wings, slowed to a single mile per hour above stall. The two radiant birds slowed with him, smoothly, locked in position. They knew about slow flying. He folded his wings, rolled, and dropped in a dive to a hundred ninety miles per hour. They dropped with him, streaking down in flawless formation. At last he turned that speed straight up into a long vertical slow-roll. They rolled with him, smiling.In this way Jonathan Puts the two birds to test.
The two birds were from his flock and they were his brothers.The intention of the two birds by coming there was to take Jonathan higher, to take him home.They tells him that he can, fly higher and for he had learned. They say that as he had finished one school , the time had come for another to begin.
4. What were the lessons learnt by Jonathan in the place he thought to be heaven?
In the place Jonathan thought to be heaven ,in the days that followed, he saw that there was as much to learn about flight in that place as there had been in the life behind him. But with a difference. Here were gulls who thought as he thought. For each of them, the most important thing in living was to reach out and touch perfection in that which they most loved to do, and that was to fly. They were magnificent birds, all of them, and they spent hour after hour every day practising flight, testing advanced aeronautics.
Jonathan learnt from Elder gull, Chiang, that, heaven is not a place, and it is not a time. Heaven is being perfect.He also understood from Chiang that he will begin to touch heaven, in the moment that he touch perfect speed. And that wasn’t flying a thousand miles an hour, or a million, or flying at the speed of light. Because any number was a limit, and perfection doesn’t have limits. Perfect speed, was being there.
5. Discuss the conversation between Chiang and Jonathan. What are Chiang’s views about heaven?
Jonathan took all his courage in hand and walked to the Elder Gull, and asks him a little nervously whether that new world wasn’t heaven at all.The Elder smiled in the moonlight and tells him that he was learning again, Then again Jonathan asks him what happens from there and where are they going and were there no such place as heaven.Then Chiang tells Jonathan about his views about heaven that, there is no such place as heaven and heaven is not a place, and it is not a time. Heaven is being perfect.
After a moment of silence Chiang asks Jonathan was he a very fast flier. Jonathan replies that he enjoys speed and was proud that the Elder had noticed that. Then Elder tells him that Jonathan will begin to touch heaven, in the moment that he touch perfect speed. And that wasn’t flying a thousand miles an hour, or a million, or flying at the speed of light. Because any number is a limit, and perfection doesn’t have limits. Perfect speed, was being there.
6.Describe the life of solitude of Jonathan Seagull in the Far Cliff
Jonathan Seagull spent the rest of his days alone, but he flew way out beyond the Far Cliffs. His one sorrow was not solitude, it was that other gulls refused to believe the glory of flight that awaited them; they refused to open their eyes and see. He learned more each day. He learned that a streamlined high-speed dive could bring him to find the rare and tasty fish that schooled ten feet below the surface of the ocean: he no longer needed fishing boats and stale bread for survival. He learned to sleep in the air, setting a course at night across the offshore wind, covering a hundred miles from sunset to sunrise. With the same inner control, he flew through heavy sea fogs and climbed above them into dazzling clear skies in the very times when every other gull stood on the ground, knowing nothing but mist and rain. He learned to ride the high winds far inland, to dine there on delicate insects. What he had once hoped for the Flock, he now gained for himself alone; he learned to fly, and was not sorry for the price that he had paid. Jonathan Seagull discovered that boredom and fear and anger are the reasons that a gull’s life is so short, and with these gone from his thought, he lived a long fine life indeed.
7. What do you understand about Fletcher Lynd Seagull? Why was he so bitter?
Fletcher Lynd Seagull was also a young gull who like Jonathan was drawn to experiments with flight.He was also declared an outcast like Jonathan by the Elders' council. Even though he was still quite young, he already knew that no bird had ever been so harshly treated by any Flock, or with so much injustice like he was treated.Fletcher becomes Jonathan's friend and pupil and was a nearly perfect flight-student due to the combination of his strength and performing skills along with his powerful and impressive drive to learn.
The reason for his bitterness was, no bird was ever treated so harshly and with so much injustice like he was treated.Even though he didn't care what they said, he was upset and sad as he flewed out towards the Far Cliffs. Inside he felt that there was so much more to flying than just flapping around from place to place which even a mosquito could do .All he did was one little barrel-roll around the Elder Gull, just for fun, and he was an outcast.He was angry and upset as he felt that they were blind and couldn't see or think of the glory that it’ll be when they really learn to fly .Fletcher didn't care what they think but he wanted to show them what flying is and thought inside that he’ll be pure outlaw, if that’s the way they want it and he’ll make them so sorry .The voice came inside his own head.
8. How does Jonathan train Fletcher?
Jonathan circled slowly over the far cliffs, watching .The rough young Fletcher Gull was very nearly a perfect flight-student. He was strong and light and quick in the air, but far and away more important, he had a blazing drive to learn to fly. Then Fletcher comes there that minute, a blurred grey shape roaring out of a dive, flashing one hundred fifty miles per hour past his instructor.
Fletcher pulled abruptly into another try at a sixteen point vertical slow roll, calling the points out loud .Fletcher’s whip stall at the top was all the worse for his rage and fury at failing. He fell backward, tumbled, slammed savagely into an inverted spin, and recovered at last, panting, a hundred feet below his instructor’s level.He is disappointed and is saying to Jonathan that he is wasting his time with him and he is too dumb and too stupid and he try and try, but he’ll never get it
Jonathan Seagull looked down at him and says that he would certainly never get it as long as he make that pull up so hard. He tells Fletcher, that he lost forty miles an hour in the entry and asks him to remember that he had to be smooth and firm but smooth He then dropped down to the level of the younger gull and tells him that they will try it together now, in formation and asks him to pay attention to that pull up so that it will give a smooth, easy entry.In this way Jonathan trained Fletcher.
9. What were the words of wisdom shared by Jonathan with his students on the beach
By sunrise there would be nearly a thousand birds standing outside the circle of students. They didn’t care whether they were seen or not, and they listened, trying to understand Jonathan Seagull He spoke of very simple things — that it is right for a gull to fly, that freedom is the very nature of his being, that whatever stands against that freedom must be set aside, be it ritual or superstition or limitation in any form.Jonathan says that the only true law was that which leads to freedom, and there was no other.
When the crowd asks him how do he expect them to fly as he fly.Then another voice from the flock tells him that he is special and gifted and divine, and above other birds.Then Jonathan tells them about Fletcher. Lowell, Charles-Roland and asks them whether they are also special and gifted and divine.Then he tells them that no more than they are, no more than he is. The only difference, the very only one, is that they have begun to understand what they really are and have begun to practise it.These were the words of wisdom share by Jonathan to his students.
10. Describe what happens when Chiang passes to the other world
Chiang passes to the other world telling Jonathan to keep working on love.As the days went past, Jonathan found himself thinking time and again of the earth from which he had come. If he had known there just a tenth, just a hundredth, of what he knew here, how much more life would have meant! He stood on the sand and fell to wondering if there was a gull back there who might be struggling to break out of his limits, to see the meaning of flight beyond a way of travel to get a breadcrumb from a rowboat. Perhaps he thought that there might even had been one made outcast for speaking his truth in the face of the Flock. And the more Jonathan practised his kindness lessons, and the more he worked to know the nature of love, the more he wanted to go back to Earth. For in spite of his lonely past, Jonathan Seagull was born to be an instructor, and his own way of demonstrating love was to give something of the truth that he had seen to a gull who asked only a chance to see truth for himself.
First semester English Chapter 1 The Last Leaf
First semester English Chapter 2 All creatures great and small
First semester English Chapter 3 The Heart of a Tree
First semester English Chapter 4 Daughter
First semester English Chapter 5 The Ploughman
First semester English Chapter 6 My Teacher
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Click here ICHR solved previous question paper part 2
First semester Additional English Chapter 4 A conversation with a reader
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